Monday, June 12, 2017

Introduction to Arabic: Day 3 Lesson - Making Nouns from Verb

By now, we know how to get 29 different verbs from one basic or root word given. Moving on...

إِسْمُ الفَاعِل - The Doer

In English, we have the verb derived into noun in these form: 

to write (verb)  >> writer  (person)
to read (verb)   >> reader  (person)

Similar concept applies in Arabic as well.  For 3 letters verb, the scale to follow is from the verb he did, فَعَلَ .  Observe the pattern of the derivation in the image, 

From here, the rule that we can deduce to change a verb to a person (for 3 letters only)
Step 1: add letter alif, ا to the first letter
Step 2: 2nd letter has to be a kasrah in harakah, retain or change the 2nd letter to kasrah 
Step 3: The last letter will have a dhommatun as its harakah

to make the noun female, add ة (ta marbutah) at the last letter

More example: 

    ضَرَبَ    >>      ضَارِبٌ     >>    ضَارِبَةٌ
 The Giver (female)            The Giver (male)                      He gave 


  فَتَحَ     >>      فَاتِحٌ      >>    فَاتِحَةٌ
The Opener (f)          The Opener (m)               He opened

Special verb -  نَاْمَ , he slept
For this one, we need to add a house for the letter alif, as alif alone cannot house a kasrah ... 

If we break down the verb  نَاْمَ , we will get  نَ , ا, م.  Following the steps/rules, we have to add alif to  نَ, make ا alif kasrah ...

 نَاْمَ >> نَائِمٌ                                          قَالَ >> قَائِلٌ

أكَلَ >> آكِل                                           دَرَسَ  >> دَارِسٌ

Making verb into person (doer) from root word with > 3 letters 

Step 1:  Find the مُضَارِع form of the verb 
Step 2: Change the letter ي to م

Example:   
Root word , أَسْلَمَ , means to surrender/he surrendered

Checking the dictionary (or ask the teacher :)) to get the مُضَارِع tense for أَسْلَمَ

(أَسْلَمَ  (ماضِي)   -   يُسْلِمُ (مُضَارِع

to make the doer female, just add ةٌ (ta marbuthoh) to the last letter.  مُسْلِمٌ is for male and مُسْلِمَةٌ for female.

More examples :



sorry ... there is a missing dot on the letter ف  in the word فاعل 





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